Types of flebitis related to intravenous therapy: an update
Tipos de flebite relacionada à terapia intravenosa: artigo de atualização
Palavras-chave:
Flebites; Infecções Relacionadas à Cateter; Cateteres.Resumo
Objective: to present an update on the types of phlebitis, namely: chemical phlebitis, mechanical phlebitis, bacterial or infectious phlebitis and phlebitis post-infusional aspects related to the concept, characteristics, clinical manifestations and their impact on clinical nursing practice. Method: update article on chemical, mechanical, bacterial or infectious phlebitis and post-infusion phlebitis. Results: chemical phlebitis results from the administration of drugs that damage the endothelium of the vessels; a mechanical phlebitis is related to the incorrect handling of the devices; bacterial phlebitis occurs due to incorrect aseptic techniques and post-infusional phlebitis occurs within 48 hours after venous withdrawal. Final considerations: as the main causes of involvement of phlebitis the use of hazardous materials, lack of attention in the preparation of medicines and incorrect aseptic techniques, which makes the performance of nursing professionals indispensable.
Downloads
Referências
BARBOSA, A. K. C.; CARVALHO, K. R. C.; MOREIRA, I. C. C. C. M. Ocorrência de flebite em acesso venoso. Enferm Foco, v. 7, n. 2, p. 37-41, 2016. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5935/1415-2762.20140026
BATALHA, L.M.C.; et al. Fixação de cateteres venosos periféricos em crianças: estudo comparativo. Esc Anna Nery, v. 14, n. 3, p. 511-518, 2010. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S1414-81452010000300012
BRASIL. Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária. Nota técnica GVIMS/GGTES/DIRE3/ANVISA Nº 04 / 2022. Práticas seguras para a prevenção de incidentes envolvendo cateter intravenoso periférico em serviços de saúde. 2022. Disponível em: https://ameci.org.br/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/Nota-t%C3%A9cnica-preven%C3%A7%C3%A3o-les%C3%A3o-associada-a-cateter-venoso-rev-GVIMS-26-07-22-para-o-portal.pdf . Acesso em: 23 de novembro de 2022.
BRASIL. Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária. Nota técnica conjunta n°. 02/2015. Gerência Geral de Monitoramento de Produtos Sujeitos à Vigilância Sanitária – GGMON/ANVISA e Gerência Geral de Tecnologia em Serviços de Saúde – GGTES/ANVISA. Orientações aos serviços e profissionais de saúde para a notificação de erros de medicação no Sistema NOTIVISA. 2015b. Disponível em: https://www.gov.br/anvisa/pt-br/centraisdeconteudo/publicacoes/servicosdesaude/notas-tecnicas/notas-tecnicas-vigentes/nota-tecnica-conjunta-ggmon-ggtes-ndeg-02-2015-orientacoes-aos-servicos-e-profissionais-de-saude-para-a-notificacao-de-erros-de-medicacao-no-sistema-notivisa/@@download/file/Nota_Tecnica_Conjunta_N_02_2015_GGMON_ANVISA_e_GGTES_ANVISA.pdf . Acesso em: 23 de novembro de 2022.
CHIU, P. C.; et al. Establish a perioperative check forum for peripheral intravenous access to prevent the occurrence of phlebitis. Kaohsiung J. Med. Sci, v. 31, p. 215–221, 2015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.kjms.2015.01.007
CULVERWELL, E. Peripheral intravenous cannulation self-learning package. Canterbury District Health Board Intravenous Cannulation Handbook. 2010. 42 p. Disponível em: https://edu.cdhb.health.nz/Hospitals-Services/Health-Professionals/Education-and-Development/Study-Days-and-Workshops/Documents/SELF%20LEARNING%20Cannulation%20Package%20011013.pdf . Acesso em: 23 de novembro de 2022.
DI NISIO, M.; et al. Treatment for superficial infusion thrombophlebitis of the upper extremity. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, v. 11, p. CD011015, 2015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.cd011015.pub2
DUNCAN, B. B. et al. Medicina ambulatorial: condutas de atenção primária baseadas em evidências. 4. ed. Porto Alegre: Artmed, 2013.
FERNANDES, E. S.; et al. Occurrence of phlebitis associated with peripheral venous catheterizations in hospitalized patients. Research, Society and Development, v. 9, n. 5, p. e154953301, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i5.3301
GARCIA-EXPÓSITO, J.; et al. Peripheral venous catheter-related phlebitis: A meta-analysis of topical treatment. Nurs Open, v. 0, p. 1-11, 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/nop2.1449
GUANCHE-SICILIA, A.; et al. Prevention and Treatment of Phlebitis Secondary to the Insertion of a Peripheral Venous Catheter: A Scoping Review from a Nursing Perspective. Healthcare, v. 9, n. 5, p.611, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9050611
HIGGINSON, R. IV cannula securement: protecting the patient from infection. British Journal of Nursing, v. 24, p. S23-S28, 2015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.12968/bjon.2015.24.sup8.s23
INS. INFUSION NURSING SOCIETY. Section Seven: Vascular Access Device
(VAD)-Related Complications. J Infus Nurs, v. 39, n. 1, p. S95- S98, 2016. Disponível em: https://source.yiboshi.com/20170417/1492425631944540325.pdf . Acesso em: 23 de novembro de 2022.
JACINTO, A. K. L.; et al. Flebite associada a cateteres intravenosos periféricos em crianças: estudo de fatores predisponentes. Esc Anna Nery, v. 18, n. 2, p. 220-226, 2014. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5935/1414-8145.20140032
LEMOS, J. A.; RODRIGUES, C.M.; ANTUNES, A.V. Prevalência de Flebite em uma Unidade de Internação Clínica de um Hospital Universitário Brasileiro de Alta Complexidade. Rev Bras Ciênc Saúde, v. 22, n. 3, p. 231-236, 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22478/ufpb.2317-6032.2018v22n3.27078
LOURENÇO, A. S.; KAKEHASHI, T. Y. Avaliação da implantação do cateter venoso central de inserção periférica em neonatologia. Rev Esc Enferm USP, v. 16, n. 2, p. 26-32, 2013. Disponível em: https://acta-ape.org/wp-content/uploads/articles_xml/1982-0194-ape-S0103-2100200300016000547/1982-0194-ape-S0103-2100200300016000547.x18656.pdf . Acesso em 12 de agosto de 2022.
LV, L.; ZHANG, J. The incidence and risk of infusion phlebitis with peripheral intravenous catheters: a meta-analysis. J Vasc Access, v. 21, n. 3, 2019. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1129729819877323
MACKLIN, D. Phlebitis: a painful complication of peripheral IV catheterization that may be prevented. Am J Nurs, v. 103, n. 2, p. 55-60, 2003. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000446-200302000-00027
MANRIQUE-RODRÍGUEZ, S.; et al. Standardization and Chemical Characterization of Intravenous Therapy in Adult Patients: A Step Further in Medication Safety. Drugs R D, v. 21, n. 1, p. 39-64, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40268-020-00329-w
MEEDER, A. M.; et al. Phlebitis as a consequence of peripheral intravenous administration of cisatracurium besylate in critically ill patients. BMJ Case Rep, v. 2016, p. bcr2016216448, 2016. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136%2Fbcr-2016-216448
MESTRE, R. G.; et al. Assessing the influence of risk factors on rates and dynamics of peripheral vein phlebitis: An observational cohort study. Med Clin, v. 139, n. 5, p. 185-191, 2012. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medcli.2011.12.021
MILUTINOVIĆ, D.; SIMIN, D.; ZEC D. Fatores de risco para flebite: estudo com questionário sobre a percepção dos enfermeiros. Rev. Latino-Am. Enfermagem, v. 23, n. 4, p. 677-684, 2015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/0104-1169.0192.2603
NICOTERA, R. Phlebitis associated to intravenous/infusional therapy. Assist Inferm Ric, v. 30, n. 1, p. 34-41, 2011. Disponível em: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21539076/
PHILLIPS, L. D. Manual of I.V. therapeutics: evidence-based practice for infusion therapy. 7ª ed. F A Davis Co, 2018, 677 p.
POVEDA, V. B.; et al. Flebite em acessos venosos periféricos de pacientes de um Hospital do Vale do Paraíba. Rev Min Enferm, v. 18, n. 2, p. 340-345, 2014. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5935/1415-2762.20140026
REIS, P. E. D.; CARVALHO, E. C. Phlebitis due to the insertion of peripheral venous catheters: issues relevant to nursing care. Rev enferm UFPE on line, v. 5, n. 1, p. 134-139, 2011. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5205/reuol.1371-10512-1-LE.0501201118
REIS, P. E. D.; et al. Efeitos Adversos Identificados no Local de Infusão Intravenosa Periférica de Quimioterápicos. Ciencia y Enfermería, v. 14, n. 2, p. 55-64, 2008. Disponível em: https://scielo.conicyt.cl/pdf/cienf/v14n2/art08.pdf . Acesso em 12 de agosto de 2022.
REIS, P. E. D.; et al. Pharmacological interventions to treat infusion-phlebitis: systematic review. J Infus Nurs, v. 32, n. 2, p. 74-79, 2009. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/nan.0b013e318198d497
SIMÕES, A. M.; VENDRAMIM, P.; MAVILDE, L. G. Fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento de flebite relacionada ao uso de cateteres intravenosos periféricos em pacientes adultos. Rev Esc Enferm USP, v. 56, p. e20210398, 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-220X-REEUSP-2021-0398en
TORK-TORABI, M.; et al. Vancomycin Infusion Methods on Phlebitis Prevention in Children. Iran. J. Nurs. Midwifery Res., v. 24, p. 432–436, 2019. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_149_18
URBANETTO, J. S., et al. Incidência de flebite e flebite pós-infusional em adultos hospitalizados. Rev Gaúcha Enferm, v. 38, n. 2. p. 1-12, 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-1447.2017.02.58793
URBANETTO, J. S.; PEIXOTO, C. G.; MAY, T. A. Incidence of phlebitis associated with the use of peripheral IV catheter and following catheter removal. Rev. Latino-Am. Enfermagem, v. 24, p. e2746, 2016. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1518-8345.0604.2746
WEBSTER, J.; et al. Clinically-indicated replacement versus routine replacement of peripheral venous catheters. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, v. 1, n. 1, p. CD007798, 2019. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.cd007798.pub5
