Relationship between stress and coping strategies of caregivers of elderly people with Alzheimer's Disease
Palavras-chave:
Aging, Careful, Stress, DementiaResumo
This cross-sectional study aimed to identify the relationship between stress and coping strategies of 126 caregivers of elderly people with Alzheimer's Disease. A questionnaire was used to evaluate the sociodemographic, health and care profile of the elderly, the Perceived Stress Scale and the Ways of Coping with Problems Scale. Data analysis was performed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, asymmetry and kurtosis coefficients, bootstrapping procedures, Pearson correlation, multiple linear regression, independent student's t-test, One-Way Anova and Tukey's Post-Hoc (p < 0.05). It was found that stress presented a significant (p < 0.05), moderate and negative correlation with the problem-focused coping strategy, in addition to a positive and moderate correlation with the emotion-focused strategy. Coping strategies focused on the problem (β = -0.54; p < 0.001) and emotion (β = 0.33; p < 0.001) presented a significant prediction on the caregivers' perception of stress. From the results obtained, it can be concluded that the problem-focused strategy appears to contribute to reducing caregivers' perception of stress, while the emotion-focused strategy appears to contribute positively to stress.
Downloads
Referências
ALMBERG, B.; GRAFSTRÖM, M.; WINBLAD, B. Major strain and coping strategies as reported by family members who care for aged demented relatives. Journal of Advanced Nursing. v.26, n.4, p.683–691, 1997.
ATRI A. (2019). The Alzheimer's Disease Clinical Spectrum: Diagnosis and Management. The Medical clinics of North America, 103(2), 263–293.
BAHARUDIN, A.D. et al. The associations between behavioral-psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) and coping strategy, burden of care and personality style among low-income caregivers of patients with dementia. BMC public health, v. 19, n. 4, p. 1-12, 2019.
BALBIM, G.M. et al. Coping Strategies Utilized by Middle-Aged and Older Latino Caregivers of Loved Ones with Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementia. Journal Of Cross-Cultural Gerontology, v. 34, p.355-371, 2019.
BEATA, B. K. et al. Alzheimer's Disease-Biochemical and Psychological Background for Diagnosis and Treatment. International journal of molecular sciences, v.24, n.2, 2023.
BRITT, K.C. et al. Religion, Spirituality, and Coping During the Pandemic: Perspectives of Dementia Caregivers. Clinical Nursing Research. v. 32, n.1, p.94-104, 2023.
CHANG, Y.T et al. Neuropsychiatric Symptoms and Caregiver Stress in Parkinson’s Disease with Cognitive Impairment, Alzheimer’s Disease, and Frontotemporal Dementia. Journal of Parkinson's Disease, p. 1-12, 2023.
DIAS, E.N.; PAIS-RIBEIRO, J.L. Coping model of Folkman and Lazarus: historical and conceptual aspects. Revista Psicologia e Saúde, v. 11, n. 2, p. 55-66, 2019.
ESSEX, E. L.; SELTZER, M. M.; KRAUSS, M. W. Differences in coping effectiveness and well-being among aging mothers and fathers of adults with mental retardation. American Journal on Mental Retardation, v.104, n.6, p.545–563, 1999.
FECURY, A.A. et al. A prática da religiosidade como fator determinante para uma vida saudável: O caráter religioso como mantenedor da saúde física e mental. Revista Científica Multidisciplinar Núcleo do Conhecimento, v.7, p. 69-79, 2020.
FOLKMAN S.; LAZARUS R.S. Coping as a mediator of emotion. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, v.54, n.3, p.466–475, 1988.
GONYEA, J.G.; O’DONNELL, A.E. Religious coping and psychological well‐being in Latino Alzheimer's caregivers. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, v. 36, n. 12, p. 1922-1930, 2021.
GONYEA, J.G; O’DONNELL, A.E. Religious coping and psychological well‐being in Latino Alzheimer's caregivers. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. v.36, n.12, p. 1922-1930, 2021.
GRABHER, B. J. Effects of Alzheimer Disease on Patients and Their Family. Journal of nuclear medicine technology, v.46, n.4, p.335–340, 2018.
GUTIERREZ, D.M. et al. Vivências subjetivas de familiares que cuidam de idosos dependentes. Ciência e Saúde Coletiva, v. 26, n.1, 2021.
HAUKOOS, J.; LEWIS, R.J. Advanced statistics: bootstrapping confidence intervals for statistics with “difficult” distributions. Academic emergency medicine, v. 12, n. 4, p. 360-365, 2005.
HEO, G.J. Religious Coping, Positive Aspects of caregiving, and Sozial Support among Alzheimer’s Disease Caregivers. Clinical Gerontologist, v.37, n.4, 2014.
KHALAILA, R.; COHEN, M. Emotional suppression, caregiving burden, mastery, coping strategies and mental health in spousal caregivers. Aging & mental health, v. 20, n. 9, p. 908-917, 2016.
KOVALEVA, M. et al. Chronic stress, social isolation, and perceived loneliness in dementia caregivers. Journal of psychosocial nursing and mental health services, v. 56, n. 10, p. 36-43, 2018.
LANE, C. A.; HARDY, J.; SCHOTT, J. M. Alzheimer's disease. European journal of neurology, v.25, n.1, p.59–70, 2018.
LUFT, C.D.B. et al. Versão brasileira da Escala de Estresse Percebido: tradução e validação para idosos. Revista Saúde Pública, v.41, n.4, p.606-615, 2007.
MA, M. et al. Alzheimers’ disease and caregiving: a meta-analytic review comparing the mental health of primary carers to controls. Aging & mental health, v. 22, n. 11, p. 1395-1405, 2018.
MILLER, B.; GLASSER, M.; RUBIN, S. A paradox of medicalization: physicians, families and Alzheimer’s disease. Journal of Aging Studies, v.6, n.2, p.135–148, 1992.
MONTEIRO, A. M. F. et al. Coping strategies among caregivers of people with Alzheimer disease: a systematic review. Trends in psychiatry and psychotherapy, v. 40, p. 258-268, 2018.
OWOKUHAISA, J. et al. Burden of care and coping strategies among informal caregivers of people with behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia in rural south-western Uganda. BMC geriatrics, v. 23, n. 1, p. 1-9, 2023.
PIERCY, K.W et al. Predictors of dementia caregiver depressive symptoms in a population: the cache county dementia progression study. The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, v.68, n.6, p.921–926, 2012.
PRUCHNO, R.A.; RESCH, N.L. Mental health of caregiving spouses: Coping as mediator, moderator, or main effect? Psychology and aging, v. 4, n. 4, p. 454, 1989.
PUDELEWICZ, A.; TALARSKA, D.; BĄCZYK, G. Burden of caregivers of patients with Alzheimer's disease. Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, v.33, n.2, p. 336–341, 2019.
ROBINSON-LANE, S.G; ZHANG, X; PATEL, A. Coping and Adaptation to Dementia Family Caregiving: A Pilot Study. Geriatric Nursing, v. 42, n.1, p.256-261, 2022.
SANDERS-DEWEY, N.E.J.; MULLINS, L.L.; CHANEY, J.M. Coping style, perceived uncertainty in illness, and distress in individuals with Parkinson’s disease and their caregivers. Rehabilitation Psychology, v.46, n.4, p.363–381, 2001.
SEIDL, E M F; TRÓCCOLI, B. T.; ZANNON, C. M L.C. Factorial analysis of a coping measure. Psicologia: Teoria e Pesquisa, v. 17, p. 225-234, 2001.
SHARIF NIA, H. et al. Development and validation of care stress management scale in family caregivers for people with Alzheimer: a sequential-exploratory mixed-method study. BMC geriatrics, v. 23, n. 1, p. 82, 2023.
SILVA, M.C.M; MOREIRA-ALMEIDA, A; CASTRO, E.A.B. Idosos cuidando de idosos: a espiritualidade como alívio das tensões. Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem. v. 71, n.5, 2018.
SKARIA, A. P. The economic and societal burden of Alzheimer disease: managed care considerations. The American journal of managed care, v.28, n.10, p.188–196, 2022.
SNYDER, C. M. et al. Dementia caregivers’ coping strategies and their relationship to health and well-being: The Cache County Study. Aging & Mental Health, v. 19, n. 5, p. 390-399, 2015.
SORIA LOPEZ, J. A.; GONZÁLEZ, H. M.; LÉGER, G. C. Alzheimer's disease. Handbook of clinical neurology, v.167, p.231–255, 2019.
TAN, K.P. et al. Relationship of Psychological Flexibility and Mindfulness to Caregiver Burden, and Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms in Caregivers of People with Dementia. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, v.20, 2023.
THOMPSON, C.J. et al. Exploring stress, coping, and decision-making considerations of Alzheimer’s family caregivers. Dementia, v. 19, n. 6, p. 1907-1926, 2020.
VITALIANO, P.P. et al. The ways of coping checklist: revision and psychometric properties. Multivariate Behavior Research, v. 20, p.3–26. 1985.
WILLIAMSON, G.M.; SCHULZ, R. Coping with specific stressors in Alzheimer’s disease caregiving. The Gerontologist, v.33, n.6, p.747–755, 1993.
WONG, W. Economic burden of Alzheimer disease and managed care considerations. The American journal of managed care, v.26, n.8, p.177–183, 2020.
