Review: immunomodulatory effects induced by phenolic compounds
Revisão: efeitos imunomodulatórios induzidos por compostos fenólicos
Palavras-chave:
Phenols, Flavonoids, Nutraceuticals, Anti-inflammatories, AntioxidantsResumo
Recently, the population has turned its attention to a healthier diet, with a diet richer in fruits, vegetables and vegetables. The search for a healthy diet is derived from the nutraceutical capacity of natural foods, and the beneficial effects of these, are attributed, at least in part, to the presence of phenolic compounds. Phenolic compounds are secondary metabolites present in plants, biologically active and have aromatic rings and hydroxyl groups in their structure. The objective of this work was to carry out a survey on the interaction capacity of phenolic compounds with the immune system, as well as to evaluate the current status of this topic in the academic community. The keywords “phenolic compounds” and “immunomodulatory activity” were used on three research platforms (Scielo, PubMed and Periódicos CAPES). The results showed that there is a growing interest in the academic community in the topic addressed, which is justified by the ability of these compounds to interact with various immunological responses, such as inflammatory activity and oxidative balance, proliferation and action of white cells, among others.
Downloads
Referências
AGBO, M. O. et al. Antiviral activity of Salidroside from the leaves of Nigerian mistletoe (Loranthus micranthus Linn) parasitic on Hevea brasiliensis against respiratory syncytial virus. Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, v. 30, n. 4, p. 1251–1256, 2017.
AGRAWAL, S. S.; TALELE, G. S. Bioactivity guided isolation and characterization of the phytoconstituents from the Tridax procumbens. Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia, v. 21, n. 1, p. 58–62, fev. 2011.
ALMEIDA, T. S. et al. Phenolic compounds of Triplaris gardneriana can protect cells against oxidative stress and restore oxidative balance. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, v. 93, p. 1261–1268, set. 2017.
ALMEIDA, T. S. et al. Evaluation of seeds ethanolic extracts of Triplaris gardneriana Wedd. using in vitro and in vivo toxicological methods. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A, v. 83, n. 4, p. 135–152, 16 fev. 2020.
ANNAPOORANI, A. et al. Methods to determine antipathogenic potential of phenolic and flavonoid compounds against urinary pathogen Serratia marcescens. Journal of Microbiological Methods, v. 91, n. 1, p. 208–211, out. 2012.
ARAUJO, M. A. R. et al. Mechanisms of action underlying the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects of propolis: a brief review. Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia, v. 22, n. 1, p. 208–219, fev. 2012.
ARRANZ, S. et al. Cardioprotective effects of cocoa: Clinical evidence from randomized clinical intervention trials in humans. Molecular Nutrition & Food Research, v. 57, n. 6, p. 936–947, jun. 2013.
BACI, D. et al. Downregulation of Pro-Inflammatory and Pro-Angiogenic Pathways in Prostate Cancer Cells by a Polyphenol-Rich Extract from Olive Mill Wastewater. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, v. 20, n. 2, p. 307, jan. 2019.
BAHADORAN, Z.; MIRMIRAN, P.; AZIZI, F. Dietary polyphenols as potential nutraceuticals in management of diabetes: a review. Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders, v. 12, n. 1, p. 43, 2013.
BENNETT, A. C. et al. Sceletium tortuosum may delay chronic disease progression via alkaloid-dependent antioxidant or anti-inflammatory action. Journal of Physiology and Biochemistry, v. 74, n. 4, p. 539–547, 1 nov. 2018.
BENNETT, L. et al. Molecular Size Fractions of Bay Leaf (Laurus nobilis) Exhibit Differentiated Regulation of Colorectal Cancer Cell Growth In Vitro. Nutrition and Cancer, v. 65, n. 5, p. 746–764, jul. 2013.
BIJAK, M. et al. Dual Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Activity of Polyphenolic Grape Seeds Extract. Nutrients, v. 11, n. 1, p. 93, jan. 2019.
BISIGNANO, C. et al. Antibacterial activities of almond skins on cagA-positive and-negative clinical isolates of Helicobacter pylori. BMC Microbiology, v. 13, n. 1, p. 103, 2013.
BOJIĆ, M. et al. Propolis ethanolic extracts reduce adenosine diphosphate induced platelet aggregation determined on whole blood. Nutrition Journal, v. 17, n. 1, p. 52, dez. 2018.
BORRÁS-LINARES, I. et al. Permeability Study of Polyphenols Derived from a Phenolic-Enriched Hibiscus sabdariffa Extract by UHPLC-ESI-UHR-Qq-TOF-MS. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, v. 16, n. 8, p. 18396–18411, 7 ago. 2015.
BOUDJEKO, T. et al. Antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties of polysaccharides from Allanblackia floribunda Oliv stem bark and Chromolaena odorata (L.) King and H.E. Robins leaves. BMC Research Notes, v. 8, n. 1, p. 759, dez. 2015.
BOUDOUKHA, C. et al. Immunomodulatory effects of Santolina chamaecyparissus leaf extracts on human neutrophil functions. Pharmaceutical Biology, v. 54, n. 4, p. 667–673, 2 abr. 2016.
CALHELHA, R. C. et al. Cytotoxicity of Portuguese Propolis: The Proximity of the In Vitro Doses for Tumor and Normal Cell Lines. BioMed Research International, v. 2014, p. 1–7, 2014.
CAPRIOLI, G. et al. Blue honeysuckle fruit (Lonicera caerulea L.) from eastern Russia: phenolic composition, nutritional value and biological activities of its polar extracts. Food & Function, v. 7, n. 4, p. 1892–1903, 2016.
CASAS, R. et al. Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, v. 19, n. 12, 11 dez. 2018.
CHANG, H.-P.; SHEEN, L.-Y.; LEI, Y.-P. The protective role of carotenoids and polyphenols in patients with head and neck cancer. Journal of the Chinese Medical Association, v. 78, n. 2, p. 89–95, fev. 2015.
CHOI, S. W. et al. Class 3 inhibition of hERG K+ channel by caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) and curcumin. Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology, v. 465, n. 8, p. 1121–1134, 1 ago. 2013.
CI, Y.; QIAO, J.; HAN, M. Molecular Mechanisms and Metabolomics of Natural Polyphenols Interfering with Breast Cancer Metastasis. Molecules, v. 21, n. 12, p. 1634, 17 dez. 2016.
CLARK, A.; HAAS, K.; SIVAMANI, R. Edible Plants and Their Influence on the Gut Microbiome and Acne. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, v. 18, n. 5, p. 1070, 17 maio 2017.
CRUZ PAREDES, C. et al. Antimicrobial, Antiparasitic, Anti-Inflammatory, and Cytotoxic Activities of Lopezia racemosa. The Scientific World Journal, v. 2013, 12 jun. 2013.
DANDAWATE, P. R. et al. Bitter melon: a panacea for inflammation and cancer. Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines, v. 14, n. 2, p. 81–100, fev. 2016.
DAVATGARAN-TAGHIPOUR, Y. et al. Polyphenol nanoformulations for cancer therapy: experimental evidence and clinical perspective. International Journal of Nanomedicine, v. 12, p. 2689–2702, 4 abr. 2017.
DEJANI, N. N. et al. Anticoronavirus and Immunomodulatory Phenolic Compounds: Opportunities and Pharmacotherapeutic Perspectives. Biomolecules. v. 11, p. 1254, 23 ago. 2021.
DELLA PEPA, G. et al. Isocaloric Dietary Changes and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in High Cardiometabolic Risk Individuals. Nutrients, v. 9, n. 10, p. 1065, 26 set. 2017.
DEMIR, S. et al. Antiproliferative and proapoptotic activity of Turkish propolis on human lung cancer cell line. Nutrition and Cancer, v. 68, n. 1, p. 165–172, 2 jan. 2016.
DEMIR, S.; TURAN, I.; ALIYAZICIOGLU, Y. Selective cytotoxic effect of Rhododendron luteum extract on human colon and liver cancer cells. Journal of B.U.ON.: official journal of the Balkan Union of Oncology, v. 21, n. 4, p. 883–888, ago. 2016.
FIGUEIREDO, S. M. et al. Immunomodulatory properties of green propolis. Recent Patents on Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Drug Discovery, v. 8, n. 2, p. 85–94, 2014.
FIGUEIREDO-RINHEL, A. S. G. et al. Inhibition of the human neutrophil oxidative metabolism by Baccharis dracunculifolia DC (Asteraceae) is influenced by seasonality and the ratio of caffeic acid to other phenolic compounds. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, v. 150, n. 2, p. 655–664, nov. 2013.
FILIPČEV, B. et al. Sugar beet molasses as an ingredient to enhance the nutritional and functional properties of gluten-free cookies. International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition, v. 67, n. 3, p. 249–256, 2 abr. 2016.
FINIMUNDY, T. C. et al. Aqueous extracts of Lentinula edodes and Pleurotus sajor-caju exhibit high antioxidant capability and promising in vitro antitumor activity. Nutrition Research, v. 33, n. 1, p. 76–84, jan. 2013.
GAFORIO et al. Virgin Olive Oil and Health: Summary of the III International Conference on Virgin Olive Oil and Health Consensus Report, JAEN (Spain) 2018. Nutrients, v. 11, n. 9, p. 2039, 1 set. 2019.
GAO, X. et al. Immunomodulatory activity of resveratrol: discrepant in vitro and in vivo immunological effects. Biochemical Pharmacology, v. 66, n. 12, p. 2427–2435, dez. 2003.
GAO, Y. et al. Evaluation of the Intestinal Transport of a Phenylethanoid Glycoside-Rich Extract from Cistanche deserticola across the Caco-2 Cell Monolayer Model. PLOS ONE, v. 10, n. 2, p. e0116490, 3 fev. 2015.
GAWEŁ-BĘBEN, K. et al. Stevia Rebaudiana Bert. Leaf Extracts as a Multifunctional Source of Natural Antioxidants. Molecules, v. 20, n. 4, p. 5468–5486, 27 mar. 2015.
GLAMOČLIJA, J. et al. Chemical characterization and biological activity of Chaga (Inonotus obliquus), a medicinal “mushroom”. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, v. 162, p. 323–332, mar. 2015.
HENNING, S. M. et al. Health benefit of vegetable/fruit juice-based diet: Role of microbiome. Scientific Reports, v. 7, n. 1, p. 1–9, 19 maio 2017.
HOU, D. et al. Mung Bean (Vigna radiata L.): Bioactive Polyphenols, Polysaccharides, Peptides, and Health Benefits. Nutrients, v. 11, n. 6, p. 1238, 31 maio 2019.
IRITI, M.; FAORO, F. Ancient plant diseases in Roman Age. Acta Phytopathologica et Entomologica Hungarica, v. 43, n. 1, p. 15–21, jun. 2008.
KABAŁA-DZIK, A. et al. Comparison of Two Components of Propolis: Caffeic Acid (CA) and Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (CAPE) Induce Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest of Breast Cancer Cells MDA-MB-231. Molecules, v. 22, n. 9, p. 1554, 15 set. 2017.
KANG, L. et al. Biosynthesis of Resveratrol in Blastospore of the Macrofungus Tremella fuciformis. Molecular Biotechnology, v. 57, n. 7, p. 675–684, jul. 2015.
KARAMAN, M. et al. Wild-growing lignicolous mushroom species as sources of novel agents with antioxidative and antibacterial potentials. International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition, v. 65, n. 3, p. 311–319, maio 2014.
KATZ, D. L.; DOUGHTY, K.; ALI, A. Cocoa and Chocolate in Human Health and Disease. Antioxidants & Redox Signaling, v. 15, n. 10, p. 2779–2811, 15 nov. 2011.
KAWA-RYGIELSKA, J. et al. Bioactive Compounds in Cornelian Cherry Vinegars. Molecules, v. 23, n. 2, p. 379, 10 fev. 2018.
KHANAPUR, M.; AVADHANULA, R. K.; SETTY, O. H. In Vitro Antioxidant, Antiproliferative, and Phytochemical Study in Different Extracts of Nyctanthes arbortristis Flowers. BioMed Research International, v. 2014, p. 1–10, 2014.
KOKO, W. S. et al. Immunosuppressive phenolic compounds from Hydnora abyssinica A. Braun. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, v. 15, n. 1, p. 400, dez. 2015.
KRIPLANI, P.; GUARVE, K.; BAGHAEL, U. S. Arnica montana L . - a plant of healing: review. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, v. 69, n. 8, p. 925–945, ago. 2017.
KWON, K.-R. et al. Attenuation of UVB-Induced Photo-Aging by Polyphenolic-Rich Spatholobus Suberectus Stem Extract Via Modulation of MAPK/AP-1/MMPs Signaling in Human Keratinocytes. Nutrients, v. 11, n. 6, p. 1341, 14 jun. 2019.
LOPES-NETO, J. J. et al. Impact of bioaccessibility and bioavailability of phenolic compounds in biological systems upon the antioxidant activity of the ethanolic extract of Triplaris gardneriana seeds. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, v. 88, p. 999–1007, 1 abr. 2017.
LÓPEZ-ROMERO, J. C. et al. Biological activities of Agave by-products and their possible applications in food and pharmaceuticals: Biological activities of Agave extracts. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, v. 98, n. 7, p. 2461–2474, maio 2018.
LORGERIL, M.; SALEN, P. Do statins increase and Mediterranean diet decrease the risk of breast cancer? BMC Medicine, v. 12, n. 1, p. 94, dez. 2014.
MAGRONE, T.; JIRILLO, E. Influence of polyphenols on allergic immune reactions: mechanisms of action. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, v. 71, n. 2, p. 316–321, maio 2012.
MANHÃES ALVES, G., & de OLIVEIRA CUNHA, T. C. (2020). A importância da alimentação saudável para o desenvolvimento humano. Humanas Sociais & Aplicadas, 10(27), 46-62. https://doi.org/10.25242/8876102720201966
MATEO ANSON, N. et al. Bioprocessing of Wheat Bran in Whole Wheat Bread Increases the Bioavailability of Phenolic Acids in Men and Exerts Antiinflammatory Effects ex Vivo. The Journal of Nutrition, v. 141, n. 1, p. 137–143, 1 jan. 2011.
MATUSZEWSKA, A. et al. Anticancer, antioxidant, and antibacterial activities of low molecular weight bioactive subfractions isolated from cultures of wood degrading fungus Cerrena unicolor. PLOS ONE, v. 13, n. 6, p. e0197044, 6 jun. 2018.
MAUKONEN, J.; SAARELA, M. Human gut microbiota: does diet matter? Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, v. 74, n. 1, p. 23–36, fev. 2015.
MICHALSKA, M. et al. The role of polyphenols in cardiovascular disease. Medical Science Monitor, v. 16, n. 5, p. 110–119, 2010.
MICHEL, P. et al. Salicylate and Procyanidin-Rich Stem Extracts of Gaultheria procumbens L. Inhibit Pro-Inflammatory Enzymes and Suppress Pro-Inflammatory and Pro-Oxidant Functions of Human Neutrophils Ex Vivo. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, v. 20, n. 7, p. 1753, 9 abr. 2019.
MOGA, M. et al. The Role of Natural Polyphenols in the Prevention and Treatment of Cervical Cancer—An Overview. Molecules, v. 21, n. 8, p. 1055, 17 ago. 2016.
MONTEIRO, J. R. B. et al. Anti-Helicobacter pylori and Anti-inflammatory Properties of Eugenia uniflora L. Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology, v. 62, p. e19180285, 2019.
MOUTIA, M. et al. Capparis Spinosa L. promotes anti-inflammatory response in vitro through the control of cytokine gene expression in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. BMC Immunology, v. 17, n. 1, p. 26, dez. 2016.
MURTAZA, G. et al. Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester and Therapeutic Potentials. BioMed Research International, v. 2014, p. 1–9, 2014.
MUSZYŃSKA, B. et al. CANTHARELLUS CIBARIUS - CULINARY-MEDICINAL MUSHROOM CONTENT AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY. Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica, v. 73, n. 3, p. 589–598, jun. 2016.
NICHOLS, J. A.; KATIYAR, S. K. Skin photoprotection by natural polyphenols: anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and DNA repair mechanisms. Archives of Dermatological Research, v. 302, n. 2, p. 71–83, 1 mar. 2010.
NOOLU, B. et al. Murraya koenigii leaf extract inhibits proteasome activity and induces cell death in breast cancer cells. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, v. 13, n. 1, p. 7, dez. 2013.
NUMONOV, S. et al. Evaluation of the Antidiabetic Activity and Chemical Composition of Geranium collinum Root Extracts—Computational and Experimental Investigations. Molecules, v. 22, n. 6, p. 983, 13 jun. 2017.
OLAS, B. et al. Effects of polyphenol-rich extract from berries of Aronia melanocarpa on the markers of oxidative stress and blood platelet activation. Platelets, v. 21, n. 4, p. 274–281, jan. 2010.
OLASEHINDE, T.; OLANIRAN, A.; OKOH, A. Therapeutic Potentials of Microalgae in the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease. Molecules, v. 22, n. 3, p. 480, 18 mar. 2017.
PAPALIA, T.; BARRECA, D.; PANUCCIO, M. Assessment of Antioxidant and Cytoprotective Potential of Jatropha (Jatropha curcas) Grown in Southern Italy. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, v. 18, n. 3, p. 660, 18 mar. 2017.
PARIZAD, P. A. et al. The Bio-Functional Properties of Pigmented Cereals may Involve Synergies among Different Bioactive Species. Plant Foods for Human Nutrition, v. 74, n. 1, p. 128–134, 1 mar. 2019.
PESCE, M. et al. Verbascoside down-regulates some pro-inflammatory signal transduction pathways by increasing the activity of tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1 in the U937 cell line. Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, v. 19, n. 7, p. 1548–1556, jul. 2015.
PETERSON, C. T.; DENNISTON, K.; CHOPRA, D. Therapeutic Uses of Triphala in Ayurvedic Medicine. The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, v. 23, n. 8, p. 607–614, ago. 2017.
PLUNDRICH, N. J. et al. Protein-bound Vaccinium fruit polyphenols decrease IgE binding to peanut allergens and RBL-2H3 mast cell degranulation in vitro. Food & Function, v. 8, n. 4, p. 1611–1621, 19 abr. 2017.
REINISALO, M. et al. Polyphenol Stilbenes: Molecular Mechanisms of Defence against Oxidative Stress and Aging-Related Diseases. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, v. 2015, 2015.
RODRIGUES, E. et al. Nutraceutical and Medicinal Potential of the Morus Species in Metabolic Dysfunctions. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, v. 20, n. 2, p. 301, 14 jan. 2019.
RODRÍGUEZ-LAGUNAS, M. J. et al. Relationship between Cocoa Intake and Healthy Status: A Pilot Study in University Students. Molecules, v. 24, n. 4, 23 fev. 2019.
SADOWSKA, B. et al. The immunomodulatory potential of Leonurus cardiaca extract in relation to endothelial cells and platelets. Innate Immunity, v. 23, n. 3, p. 285–295, abr. 2017.
SANTANGELO, C. et al. Anti-inflammatory Activity of Extra Virgin Olive Oil Polyphenols: Which Role in the Prevention and Treatment of Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases? Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets, v. 18, n. 1, 12 dez. 2017.
SARI, L. M. et al. Analysis of phenolic compounds and immunomodulatory activity of areca nut extract from Aceh, Indonesia, against Staphylococcus aureus infection in Sprague-Dawley rats. Veterinary World. v. 13, p. 134-140, 20 jan. 2020.
SCHÜTZ, K. et al. Immune-modulating efficacy of a polyphenol-rich beverage on symptoms associated with the common cold: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, multi-centric clinical study. British Journal of Nutrition, v. 104, n. 8, p. 1156–1164, 28 out. 2010.
SHAKOOR, H. et al., Immunomodulatory Effects of Dietary Polyphenols. Nutrients. v. 13, p. 728, 25 fev. 2021.
SHIH, Y.-Z. et al. The stimulating effects of polyphenol and protein fractions from jelly fig (Ficus awkeotsang Makino) achenes against proliferation of leukemia cells. Journal of Food and Drug Analysis, v. 25, n. 4, p. 854–861, out. 2017.
SHINKOVENKO, I. L. et al. The immunomodulatory activity of the extracts and complexes of biologically active compounds of Galium verum L. herb. Ceska a Slovenska Farmacie: Casopis Ceske Farmaceuticke Spolecnosti a Slovenske Farmaceuticke Spolecnosti, v. 67, n. 1, p. 25–29, Summer 2018.
SIPAHI, H. et al. Bioactivites of two common polyphenolic compounds: Verbascoside and catechin. Pharmaceutical Biology, v. 54, n. 4, p. 712–719, 2 abr. 2016.
SISTO, A. et al. Effect of Lactobacillus paracasei Culture Filtrates and Artichoke Polyphenols on Cytokine Production by Dendritic Cells. Nutrients, v. 8, n. 10, p. 635, 14 out. 2016.
SUN, J. et al. Role of curcumin in the management of pathological pain. Phytomedicine, v. 48, p. 129–140, set. 2018.
TAN, A. et al. Native Australian Fruit Polyphenols Inhibit Cell Viability and Induce Apoptosis in Human Cancer Cell Lines. Nutrition and Cancer, v. 63, n. 3, p. 444–455, abr. 2011.
TIRADO-KULIEVA, V.A.; HERNANDÉZ-MARTINÉZ, E.; CHOQUE-RIVERA, T. J. Phenolic compounds versus SARS-CoV-2: An update on the main findings against COVID-19. Heliyon, v. 8, 2022.
TOMÉ-CARNEIRO, J.; VISIOLI, F. Polyphenol-based nutraceuticals for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease: Review of human evidence. Phytomedicine, v. 23, n. 11, p. 1145–1174, out. 2016.
TYSZKA-CZOCHARA, M. et al. Zinc and Propolis Reduces Cytotoxicity and Proliferation in Skin Fibroblast Cell Culture: Total Polyphenol Content and Antioxidant Capacity of Propolis. Biological Trace Element Research, v. 160, n. 1, p. 123–131, 1 jul. 2014.
VENUPRASAD, M. P.; HEMANTH KUMAR, K.; KHANUM, F. Neuroprotective Effects of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Ocimum sanctum Against H2O2 Induced Neuronal Cell Damage in SH-SY5Y Cells via Its Antioxidative Defence Mechanism. Neurochemical Research, v. 38, n. 10, p. 2190–2200, 1 out. 2013.
VERLAET, A. et al. Rationale for Dietary Antioxidant Treatment of ADHD. Nutrients, v. 10, n. 4, p. 405, 24 mar. 2018.
VERLAET, A. A. J. et al. Effect of Pycnogenol® on attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. Trials, v. 18, n. 1, p. 145, dez. 2017.
VEZZA, T. et al. Immunomodulatory properties of Olea europaea leaf extract in intestinal inflammation. Molecular Nutrition & Food Research, v. 61, n. 10, p. 1601066, out. 2017.
WESS, J. A.; ARCHER, D. L. Disparate in vivo and in vitro immunomodulatory activities of rhodamine B. Food and Chemical Toxicology, v. 20, n. 1, p. 9–14, 1982.
YAHFOUFI, N. et al. The Immunomodulatory and Anti-Inflammatory Role of Polyphenols. Nutrients, v. 10, n. 11, p. 1618, 2 nov. 2018.
ZAMORA-GASGA, V. M. et al. In vitro human colonic fermentation of indigestible fraction isolated from lunch menus: impact on the gut metabolites and antioxidant capacity. International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition, v. 69, n. 6, p. 718–728, 18 ago. 2018.
ZENG, Y. et al. Preventive and Therapeutic Role of Functional Ingredients of Barley Grass for Chronic Diseases in Human Beings. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, v. 2018, p. 1–15, 2018.
ZHANG, T. et al. Cytotoxicity-Guided Isolation of Two New Phenolic Derivatives from Dryopteris fragrans (L.) Schott. Molecules, v. 23, n. 7, p. 1652, 6 jul. 2018.
ZHANG, Y. et al. A Brief Review of Phenolic Compounds Identified from Plants: Their Extraction, Analysis, and Biological Activity. Natural Product Communications, v. 17, 2022.
ZHENG, X. et al. Chemical Composition, Antioxidant Activity and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity of Chaenomeles Speciosa from Four Production Areas in China. Molecules, v. 23, n. 10, p. 2518, 1 out. 2018.
ZHU, P.-F. et al. Phenolic Amides with Immunomodulatory Activity from the Nonpolysaccharide Fraction of Lycium barbarum Fruits. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, v. 68, n. 10, p. 3079–3087, 11 mar. 2020.
